The electronic system of injection of fuel (EFI — Electronic Fuel Injection) consists of three subsystems:
– Systems of giving of air in engine cylinders;
– Electronic control systems;
– Fuel system.
System basic element is the engine management block (PCM) which on the basis of the information from many gauges operates fuel atomizers, changing length of an impulse, i.e. an interval of time when atomizers are opened. It provides preparation топливовоздушной a mix corresponding to demanded operational power setting.
The system of giving of air in engine cylinders consists of the air filter, branch pipes, throttle knot, the monitoring system of a mode of idling and an inlet collector. On models till 2001 of release the inlet collector and the distributive chamber of submitted air represent one knot.
On models since 2001 of release specially developed inlet collector with throughput adjustment is established.
The throttle knot represents a pipe with adjustment of a stream of air which is passing through it, and serves to operate only quantity of air submitted to cylinders of the engine.
The bottom part of throttle knot is warmed up by a cooling liquid to exclude its icing during winter time.
The adjusting screw is located in the top part of throttle knot. The gauge of position throttle заслонки is connected to an axis throttle заслонки.
At engine work on frequency of rotation of idling of a parity of air and fuel it is regulated by a control system which consists of the block of management of the engine (PCM), the valve of a control system of frequency of rotation of idling (IAC) and other gauges (ECT, IAT, TPS, MAP, MAF), working together with electronic system of injection of fuel (EFI). The valve of a control system of frequency of rotation of idling (IAC) becomes more active depending on engine working conditions (inclusion of a central air of air, work of the amplifier of a steering, temperature of external air). This valve regulates quantity of air submitted to cylinders of the engine bypassing throttle заслонки. Thanks to it, at engine warming up, even at closed throttle заслонке, air arrives in engine cylinders, regulating frequency of rotation of idling. The inlet collector also reduces pulsations of an air stream.
The electronic control system operates fuel injection, an advancing of ignition, diagnostic system and other systems.
The fuel system consists of following components:
– The fuel pump;
– A regulator of pressure of fuel;
– The fuel filter;
– топливопроводов;
– A distributive fuel highway;
– Atomizers.
On models till 2001 2 fuel filters are established: the basic — on the left side of a motor compartment, and additional — in the block of the fuel pump/gauge of level of fuel.
On models since 2001 1 fuel filter in the block of the fuel pump/gauge of level of fuel is established.
Atomizers dose out and spray fuel. At pressure giving on a winding of the solenoid the needle rises, passing fuel. The quantity of fuel is defined by duration of an impulse during which the atomizer is opened.
The main relay of the fuel pump is located in the block of relays/safety locks in a motor compartment and copes on two electric chains. On the first chain management is carried out from the engine management block (PCM), and on the second — from the ignition lock. If after ignition inclusion engine start is not carried out, block PCM will disconnect the relay of the fuel pump through 2 with. Further, at engine start, after the first impulse from the gauge of position of a camshaft of the relay includes the fuel pump.